语法知识主谓一致的解析

　　语法是掌握英语的一个基础,打好这个基础会使你分析文章更容易,也能够写出很好的句式,小编整理了主谓一致的语法点,供大家学习参考。

　　主谓一致

　　I.要点

　　谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义上一致和就近一致。

　　1、语法上一致

　　(1)、以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数，主语为复数时，谓语用复数，如，

　　To work hard is necessary for a student.

　　(2)、用and或both……and连接的并列主语，谓语动词用复数，如，

　　Both he and I are right.

　　但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，如, His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.

　　(3)、主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like等，谓语动词仍用单数，如，

　　The teacher as well as his students is excited.

　　(4)、某些不定代词，如做主语，谓语动词要用单数，如:Everyone has a book.

　　(5)、一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数，如，A lot of people are dancing outside.

　　2、意义上一致

　　(1)、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数，如，

　　Twenty years is not a long time.

　　(2)、表示总称意义的名词public, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词用复数，如，

　　People are talking about the accident.

　　(3)、有些集合名词，如family, team等作主语，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数，如指其中每个成员，则用复数，如，

　　My family is a big one.

　　My family are watching TV.

　　3、邻近一致

　　用连词or, either……or, neither……nor, whether……or, not only…but also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致，如，

　　Either you o

　　II.例题

　　例1、The chemical works _______ where my father has worked for thirty years in 1949.

　　A. was built B. were built C. is built D. are built

　　解析：该题答案为A。works形式上是复数，意思上是单数，因此谓语动词用单数，类似的还有news, maths, politics, physics.

　　例2、They each _______ a copy of the new physics.

　　A. have B. has C. having D. gets

　　解析：该题答案为A。They each不等于each of …, each of 这个词组作主语谓语用单数如each of the students hands in their homework，而they each作主语，谓语要随each前面的词来变化。