英语句子成分分析【推荐3篇】
英语句子成分分析 篇一
在英语语法中，句子是最基本的语言单位，由不同的成分组成。对句子成分进行分析有助于理解句子的结构和意义。一个句子通常由主语、谓语、宾语等基本成分组成。下面将对这些成分进行详细的分析。
首先是主语，主语是句子中最重要的成分之一，它通常是句子的主题或执行动作的实体。主语可以是一个名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式等。例如，在句子“The cat is sleeping.”中，“The cat”就是主语。
其次是谓语，谓语是句子中描述主语动作或状态的成分。谓语通常由动词构成，可以是及物动词、不及物动词、系动词等。在句子“Mary is reading a book.”中，“is reading”就是谓语。
另外，宾语也是句子中常见的成分之一，宾语通常是动作的承受者或影响者。宾语可以是直接宾语或间接宾语。在句子“The teacher gave the students homework.”中，“homework”就是直接宾语，“the students”就是间接宾语。
除了以上三个基本成分外，句子中还可能包含其他成分，如定语、状语等。定语是对主语或宾语进行修饰或限定的成分，通常是形容词、副词短语或从句。在句子“The big house on the hill is mine.”中，“big”和“on the hill”就是定语。状语是修饰谓语或整个句子的成分，可以表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。在句子“John quickly ran to catch the bus.”中，“quickly”就是状语。
总的来说，句子成分的分析有助于我们理解句子的结构和意义，帮助我们准确地表达自己的思想和意图。通过对主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等成分的分析，我们可以更深入地理解句子的构成和语法规则。在学习英语的过程中，掌握句子成分的分析方法是非常重要的一步，也是提高语言表达能力的关键之一。
英语句子成分分析 篇二
在英语语法中，句子成分的分析是理解句子结构和意义的重要方法。句子成分分析可以帮助我们准确地理解和使用英语句子，下面将对英语句子的主要成分进行详细分析。
首先是主语，主语是句子中最重要的成分之一，通常是句子的主题或动作的执行者。主语可以是一个名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式等。例如，在句子“He is a student.”中，“He”就是主语。
其次是谓语，谓语是句子中描述主语动作或状态的成分。谓语通常由动词构成，可以是及物动词、不及物动词、系动词等。在句子“She is cooking dinner.”中，“is cooking”就是谓语。
另外，宾语也是句子中常见的成分之一，宾语通常是动作的承受者或影响者。宾语可以是直接宾语或间接宾语。在句子“The teacher gave the students homework.”中，“homework”就是直接宾语，“the students”就是间接宾语。
除了以上三个基本成分外，句子中还可能包含其他成分，如定语、状语等。定语是对主语或宾语进行修饰或限定的成分，通常是形容词、副词短语或从句。在句子“The old man with a long beard is my grandfather.”中，“old”和“with a long beard”就是定语。状语是修饰谓语或整个句子的成分，可以表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。在句子“She sings beautifully in the choir.”中，“beautifully”和“in the choir”就是状语。
通过对主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等句子成分的分析，我们可以更深入地理解句子的结构和意义，提高我们的语言表达能力。掌握句子成分分析方法是学习英语语法的重要一环，也是提高语言水平的关键之一。希望以上内容对大家有所帮助。
英语句子成分分析 篇三
一、主语
(subject): 是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)
He likes dancing. (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe. (不定式)
What he needs is a book. (主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语)
二、谓语
(predicate):是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English.
He is asleep.
三、表语
(predicative):表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。系动词之后的.成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. (名词)
Seventy-four! You don’t look it. (代词)
Five and five is ten. (数词)
He is asleep. (形容词)
His father is in. (副词)
The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词)
To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. ” (不定式)
The question is whether they will come. (表语从句)
常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来)， look(看起来)， feel(摸起来)，smell(闻起来)，
taste(尝、吃起来)， remain(保持，仍是)， feel(感觉) ….
It sounds a good idea.
The sound sounds strange.
Her voice sounds sweet.
Tom looks thin.
The food smells delicious.
The food tastes good.
The door remains open.
Now I feel tired.
三、宾语：
1)动作的承受者——动宾
I like China. (名词)
He hates you. (代词)
How many do you need? We need two. (数词)
We should help the old and the poor.
I enjoy working with you. (动名词)
I hope to see you again. (不定式)
Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句)
2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾
Are you afraid of the snake?
Under the snow, there are many rocks.
3) 双宾语——间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)
He gave me a book yesterday.
Give the poor man some money.
四、宾补：
对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。
We elected him monitor. (名词)
We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. (名)
We will make them happy. (形容词)
We found nobody in. (副词)
Please make yourself at home. (介词短语)
Don’t let him do that. (省to不定式)
His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (带to不定式)
Don’t keep the lights burning. (现在分词)
I’ll have my bike repaired. (过去分词)
五、主补：
对主语的补充。
He was elected monitor.
She was found singing in the next room.
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson. www.oh100.com
六、定语：
修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名词)
He is our friend. (代词)
We belong to the third world. (数词)
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容词)
The man over there is my old friend.(副词)
The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词)
The boys playing football are in Cla2. (现在分词)
The trees planted last year are growing well now. (过去分词)
I have an idea to do it well. ()
You should do everything that I do. (定语从句)
七、状语：
状语是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后;修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。
(以下例句按上述顺序排列) I will go there tomorrow.
The meeting will be held in the meetingroom.
The meat went bad because of the hot weather.
He studies hard to learn English well.
He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam.
I like some of you very much.
If you study hard, you will pathe exam.
He goes to school by bike.
Though he is young, he can do it well.
