英语句子成分分析【经典3篇】
英语句子成分分析 篇一
在英语语法中，句子是由不同成分组成的。这些成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。在本篇文章中，我们将对这些成分进行详细分析和解释。
首先，让我们来看看主语和谓语。主语通常是句子中的主要名词或代词，它是句子的主题。谓语则是句子中的动词，它表达了主语的动作或状态。例如，在句子“I eat apples”中，“I”是主语，“eat”是谓语。
接下来是宾语。宾语是动作的接受者，它可以是直接宾语或间接宾语。直接宾语直接接受动作，而间接宾语则是动作的间接接受者。在句子“I gave Mary a book”中，“a book”是直接宾语，“Mary”是间接宾语。
定语是用来修饰名词或代词的成分，它可以是形容词、副词、介词短语等。在句子“The big red car is mine”中，“big”和“red”都是定语，修饰“car”。
状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。在句子“She sings beautifully”中，“beautifully”是状语，修饰动词“sings”。
最后是补语，它是用来补充主语或宾语的信息的成分。补语通常是形容词、名词、副词或介词短语。在句子“He became a doctor”中，“a doctor”是补语，补充了主语“he”的信息。
通过对这些句子成分的分析，我们可以更好地理解句子的结构和含义。掌握这些成分的用法和特点，可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思，提高英语写作和口语的能力。
英语句子成分分析 篇二
在英语语法中，句子成分分析是非常重要的一部分。理解句子中各个成分的功能和作用，可以帮助我们更准确地理解和表达句子的含义。在本篇文章中，我们将进一步探讨句子成分的分类和用法。
除了上文提到的主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语之外，还有一些其他成分需要我们了解。比如，主题成分是句子中的主题，它可以是名词、代词或从句。在句子“Books are my best friends”中，“Books”就是主题成分。
动词短语是由一个或多个动词组成的短语，它可以包括助动词、主动词、情态动词等。在句子“She has been studying English for five years”中，“has been studying”就是一个动词短语。
连接词是用来连接句子中各个成分的词语，包括并列连词、从属连词和关联词等。在句子“John likes reading and writing”中，“and”就是一个并列连词。
句子的成分分析不仅可以帮助我们理解句子结构，还可以帮助我们进行句子的变换和合并。通过对句子成分的分析和练习，我们可以提高自己的英语语言能力，更加流利地表达自己的想法和观点。
总之，句子成分分析是英语学习中不可或缺的一部分。掌握句子成分的分类和用法，可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语语法，提高自己的英语水平。希望通过本文的介绍，读者们对句子成分有了更深入的了解和认识。
英语句子成分分析 篇三
一、主语
(subject): 是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)
He likes dancing. (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe. (不定式)
What he needs is a book. (主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语)
二、谓语
(predicate):是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English.
He is asleep.
三、表语
(predicative):表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。系动词之后的.成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. (名词)
Seventy-four! You don’t look it. (代词)
Five and five is ten. (数词)
He is asleep. (形容词)
His father is in. (副词)
The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词)
To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. ” (不定式)
The question is whether they will come. (表语从句)
常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来)， look(看起来)， feel(摸起来)，smell(闻起来)，
taste(尝、吃起来)， remain(保持，仍是)， feel(感觉) ….
It sounds a good idea.
The sound sounds strange.
Her voice sounds sweet.
Tom looks thin.
The food smells delicious.
The food tastes good.
The door remains open.
Now I feel tired.
三、宾语：
1)动作的承受者——动宾
I like China. (名词)
He hates you. (代词)
How many do you need? We need two. (数词)
We should help the old and the poor.
I enjoy working with you. (动名词)
I hope to see you again. (不定式)
Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句)
2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾
Are you afraid of the snake?
Under the snow, there are many rocks.
3) 双宾语——间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)
He gave me a book yesterday.
Give the poor man some money.
四、宾补：
对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。
We elected him monitor. (名词)
We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. (名)
We will make them happy. (形容词)
We found nobody in. (副词)
Please make yourself at home. (介词短语)
Don’t let him do that. (省to不定式)
His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (带to不定式)
Don’t keep the lights burning. (现在分词)
I’ll have my bike repaired. (过去分词)
五、主补：
对主语的补充。
He was elected monitor.
She was found singing in the next room.
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson. www.oh100.com
六、定语：
修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名词)
He is our friend. (代词)
We belong to the third world. (数词)
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容词)
The man over there is my old friend.(副词)
The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词)
The boys playing football are in Cla2. (现在分词)
The trees planted last year are growing well now. (过去分词)
I have an idea to do it well. ()
You should do everything that I do. (定语从句)
七、状语：
状语是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后;修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。
(以下例句按上述顺序排列) I will go there tomorrow.
The meeting will be held in the meetingroom.
The meat went bad because of the hot weather.
He studies hard to learn English well.
He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam.
I like some of you very much.
If you study hard, you will pathe exam.
He goes to school by bike.
Though he is young, he can do it well.
