沈阳故宫导游词中英文对照(通用3篇)
沈阳故宫导游词中英文对照 篇一
沈阳故宫导游词
尊敬的各位游客，大家好！欢迎来到沈阳故宫，这是中国历史上重要的皇家建筑群之一。我将为大家介绍沈阳故宫的历史、建筑风格和文化遗产。
首先，让我们来了解一下沈阳故宫的历史。沈阳故宫建于1625年，是满洲第一位皇帝努尔哈赤的宫殿。后来，努尔哈赤的儿子皇太极将其扩建成为规模宏大的皇宫，并将其称为“盛京”。“盛京”在满语中意为“繁荣之都”。
沈阳故宫的建筑风格独特，是中国古代建筑的典范之一。它融合了满洲族和汉族的建筑特点，展现了满汉文化的交融与共生。故宫的主体建筑是三大殿，分别是御前殿、中和殿和保和殿。这些殿宇宏伟壮观，建筑结构精巧，体现了中国古代建筑的高超技艺。
沈阳故宫也是中国文化遗产的重要代表之一。故宫内收藏了大量珍贵的文物和艺术品，展示了中国古代皇家的奢华生活和文化艺术的繁荣。其中最著名的展品是《皇帝御用宝剑》，这把宝剑被誉为世界上最美的宝剑之一，其精湛的工艺和华丽的装饰令人叹为观止。
在参观沈阳故宫的过程中，请大家注意保护文物和遵守参观规定。故宫内禁止摄影、禁止触摸文物，并请保持安静。如果有任何问题，请随时向工作人员咨询。
感谢大家的聆听，希望您在沈阳故宫的参观中度过愉快的时光！
Shenyang Imperial Palace Guided Tour
Hello, dear visitors! Welcome to the Shenyang Imperial Palace, one of the important royal architectural complexes in Chinese history. I will introduce the history, architectural style, and cultural heritage of the Shenyang Imperial Palace.
Firstly, let's learn about the history of the Shenyang Imperial Palace. It was built in 1625 by Nurhaci, the first emperor of the Manchu people. Later, his son Huangtaiji expanded it into a grand palace and named it "Shengjing," which means "prospering capital" in the Manchu language.
The architectural style of the Shenyang Imperial Palace is unique and represents a combination of Manchu and Han Chinese architectural features, showcasing the integration and coexistence of Manchu and Han cultures. The main buildings of the palace are the Three Great Halls: the Hall of Imperial Supremacy, the Hall of Central Harmony, and the Hall of Preserving Harmony. These halls are magnificent and exquisitely designed, demonstrating the superb craftsmanship of ancient Chinese architecture.
The Shenyang Imperial Palace is also an important representative of Chinese cultural heritage. It houses a large collection of precious cultural relics and artworks, showcasing the luxurious life of ancient Chinese emperors and the prosperity of cultural arts. One of the most famous exhibits is the "Emperor's Sword," which is renowned as one of the most beautiful swords in the world, with its exquisite craftsmanship and gorgeous decorations.
During your visit to the Shenyang Imperial Palace, please pay attention to the protection of cultural relics and follow the visiting regulations. Photography and touching of the exhibits are prohibited, and please maintain silence. If you have any questions, feel free to ask the staff.
Thank you for your attention, and I hope you have a pleasant time exploring the Shenyang Imperial Palace!
沈阳故宫导游词中英文对照 篇二
沈阳故宫导游词
尊敬的游客朋友们，大家好！欢迎来到中国的北方明珠——沈阳故宫。我将为大家介绍沈阳故宫的历史、建筑风格和文化内涵。
首先，让我们来了解一下沈阳故宫的历史。沈阳故宫建于1625年，是明朝建文帝朱棣的陵墓。在后来的清朝，它成为了满洲王朝的皇家宫殿。沈阳故宫是中国历史上仅次于北京故宫的规模最大的宫殿建筑。
沈阳故宫的建筑风格具有浓厚的满洲族特色。它以红墙黄瓦为主色调，建筑结构简洁而庄重。故宫内主要有三大殿，分别是太和殿、中和殿和保和殿。这些殿宇宏伟壮观，富有东北地区的独特风格。
沈阳故宫也是中国文化的重要载体之一。故宫内珍藏了大量的文物和艺术品，其中最著名的是《抱柱图》和《三国演义》的手稿。这些文物和手稿展示了中国古代文化的博大精深。
在参观沈阳故宫的过程中，请大家注意保护文物和遵守参观规定。故宫内禁止吸烟、禁止摄影，并请保持安静。如果有任何问题，请随时向工作人员咨询。
感谢大家的聆听，希望您在沈阳故宫的参观中度过愉快的时光！
Shenyang Imperial Palace Guided Tour
Hello, dear visitors! Welcome to the Shenyang Imperial Palace, the northern pearl of China. I will introduce the history, architectural style, and cultural significance of the Shenyang Imperial Palace.
Firstly, let's learn about the history of the Shenyang Imperial Palace. It was built in 1625 as the mausoleum of Zhu Di, the Emperor Jianwen of the Ming Dynasty. In the later Qing Dynasty, it became the royal palace of the Manchu dynasty. The Shenyang Imperial Palace is the second largest palace complex in China, following the Forbidden City in Beijing.
The architectural style of the Shenyang Imperial Palace reflects the characteristics of the Manchu people. It features red walls and yellow tiles, with simple and solemn structures. The main buildings in the palace are the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony, and the Hall of Preserving Harmony. These halls are magnificent and grand, showcasing the unique style of the northeastern region.
The Shenyang Imperial Palace is also an important carrier of Chinese culture. It houses a large collection of cultural relics and artworks, among which the most famous are the "Embracing the Pillar Painting" and the manuscripts of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms." These relics and manuscripts demonstrate the profoundness of ancient Chinese culture.
During your visit to the Shenyang Imperial Palace, please pay attention to the protection of cultural relics and follow the visiting regulations. Smoking and photography are prohibited inside the palace, and please maintain silence. If you have any questions, feel free to ask the staff.
Thank you for your attention, and I hope you have a pleasant time exploring the Shenyang Imperial Palace!
沈阳故宫导游词中英文对照 篇三
沈阳故宫导游词（中英文对照）
沈阳故宫是中国仅存的两大宫殿建筑群之一，又称盛京皇宫，为清朝初期的皇宫。以下是小编整理的沈阳故宫导游词（中英文对照），欢迎阅读。
沈阳故宫导游词（英文）
Hello,everyone!Please allow me to express a warm welcome on behalf of Shenyang citizens.I'm with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on I will show you around Shenyang Imperial Palace,shere the founder of Qing Dynasty Nuerhachi and his son Huangtaiji lived.Shenyang Imperial Palace ,Fuling tomb and Zhaoling Tomb made in the early period of Qing Dynasty are the three famous historical sites in Shenyang .
Shenyang Imperial Palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly accomplished in 1636 during the reign of Nuerhachi and HuangTaiji. After them four emperors of Qing Dynasty had come back from Beijing to this palace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its buildings.They were Emperor Kangxi,Qianlong,Jiaqing and Daoguang.Therefore,until 1783 the palace was finally finished.
Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in China.The other one is Forbidden City in Beijing.Shenyang Imperial Palace was entitled "Historic Culture Relics Preserved Buildings" in 1961 by the State Council.This palace is an emperor museum combining the architectual styles of the minorities of Man,Han and Mongolia.
This palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters,comprising over 20 courtyards,300 houses and 70 buildings.The whole construction is pided into three sections: the east, middle and west.
First let's pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle section.The layout of middle section is similar to a Chinese compound with three courtyards.The first courtyard is the office area.It starts from the Grand Qing Gate on the south and ends at Holy Administration Hall.From Phoenix Tower to Purity and Tranquility Hall is the residential area.They all lay out on the same line.
The main entrance to the palace is the Grand Qing Gate,also called Meridian Gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of Heaven and the palace should be the center of universe .The Grand Qing Gate was bulilt in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian offcials and military ministers to present themselves before the emperor daily .The special feature of the gate is the tile color.They are all yellow tiles but engraved with green borders.Yellow synbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and mountains.The combination of them means controlling the vast areas on the earth.
The building to the east of Grand Qing Gate is called Ancestor Temple(Taimiao)with yellow tile roof,where Nuerhachi's descendants offeredsacrifices to their ancestors for blessings.So Ancestor Temple is the most important.
Please follow me into the gate.This path in the middle links the gate to Holy Administration Hall with Flying Dragon Pavilion (Feilongge) and Flying Phoenix Pavilion(Xiangfengge) on each side.The Hall of Holy Administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military,administrative affairs in eatly Qing Dynasty and had witnessed many national ceremories.Flying Dragon and Flying Phoenix Pavilions were for storing music instruments.
Holy Administration Hall was Emperor Huangtaiji's office.In front of the hall are Rigui and Jiangliang,which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity.
In accient construction,office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the rear.Since we have visted the place where the Emperors worked and now we'll pay a visite tothe place where empress and concubines lived.Here is the Phoenis Tower.It served as an entrances to the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of Huangtaiji and his concubines,and some gatherings or banquets were held occasionally.The tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall.It was the tallest building in Shenyang at that time .It is amazing watching sunrise in the morning on the tower and Phoenix Sunrise is one of the famous Eight fascinating Scenes in Shenyang.
Look upward ,we will see a board hanging up on Phoenix Tower ,on which Emperor Qianlong inscribed "Ziqidonglai",which meant the Qing Dynasty in Beijing immigrated fron Shengjing,the old name for Shenyang to the east .There are 24staircases leading to Phoenix Tower representing 24 seasonal pisions points in chinese lunar calendar.In Shenyang Imperial palace chambers are higher than halls, which is contrary to the architectural style in Forbidden city in Beijing.
Walking through the tower are the rear chambers.The one on the north in the middle was called Purity and Tranquility Hall,which was prepared for emperor and empress.The other four lying on both sides were fo concubines .Purity and Tranquility Hall has five rooms and the First from the east was where Huangraiji passed away here at the age of 52 without any disease.His throne passed to his ninth son,Fulin.In early Qing Dynasty,the construction style was summed up like this: bag-like house,zigzag bed and chimney sitting on the ground.The main buildings here were different from other buildings with a door was opende in the wall of the east room and the other rooms were connected together like a bag.The zigzag beds,made of mud and brick and with fire and smoke tunnels were called"kang"in Chinese.In order to get heat and keep room warm in winter,tunnels was made under the ground of Purity and Tranquility Hall to put fire and smoke through .Now notice the pole standing on the ground for smoke through.Now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard.This red pole is called Suolun pole,or Holy Pole.Its round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding crows.It was said that Nuerhachi was savedby crows.Crows are considered sacred in Manchurian culture though in Chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck.
Emperor Huangtaiji had four concubines.Among the four concubines Chen was loved best by Huangtaiji and Concubine Zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor,Fulin.Therefore ,she had a special status among the concubines.
The only chimney was built on the rear of Purity and Tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers ,representing the 11 emperors from Emperor Huangtaiji to the last emperor Puyi.This chimney was the highest one at that time.In Chinese ,the sound of chimeny"tong" is the same as that of unity.
To the north further is rear courtyard called Yuhua Garden.
After visiting the middle section of the palace ,we come to the eastern section.Its representative building is the Great Administration Hall,flanked by Ten Princes Pavilions.This part was built in 1625,and they were the earliest building in Shenyang Imperial Palace.Great Administration Hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs.
Great Administration Hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also Eight Banner military system.Now please look at the ten pavilions,five on each side,which were the offices of the commanders at that time.Here I will give you an introduction to the military system of early Manchurian Period .Nuerhachi pided his troops in four parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner .There sere then four kinds of banner:red,blue,white and yellow banner.As the troops expanded quickly ,another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed .By then there were altogether eight kinds of banner.This army was therefore well known for Eight Banner Army .
The last part of Shenyang Imperial Palace is the western section,built from 1782 to 1783 and during Emperor Qianlong's reign.Its main construction is Book Source Pavilion (Wensuge) with Theater Platform and Good Descendant-benefiting Hall(Jiayintang) in front,Prosperity Administration Stydy (Yangxizhai) and Nine Halls behind.Book Souurce Pavilion(wensuge) was specially designed for storing the encyclopedia compiled at that time,Si Ku Quan Shu.This encyclopedia collected most of the books in Chinese history .Its complication started in 1773.This set of history books is composed of seven sections,more than 36,000 volumes.It took educated persons over 10 years to finish is.When finished,the sholecneyclopedia was duplicated in seven pavilions across China.The other six copies were either damaged during wars or lost.This set is the only one well kept.But the real copy is no longer here and now is restored in the Palace Museum in Beijing and Gansu province library.We can see that Book Source Pavilion covered with black tiles.In Chinese philosophy,black refers water.The pavilion was built for storing books and its biggest threat was fire.So black tiles hinting water covering it on the top as a way of protection .Good Proserty Admiration Study was for Emperor reading while Descendant-benefiting Hall and the Theater Platform consisting of a couryard for Emperor ,his empress and concubines watching plays.
Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the cultural relics in China and it is the symbol of this city .It is a good combination of diferent nationalities as well as a tourist attraction.And now we have to end our visiting ,I hope you all enjoy it and thank you for your cooperation,goodbye.
沈阳故宫导游词（中文）
各位游客大家好，我们此次游览的景点是世界文化遗产、国家 4A级景区、国家重点文物保护单位——沈阳故宫。故宫，顾名思义就是旧时宫殿，沈阳故宫始建于后金（努尔哈赤建立政权之初国号为金，史称后金）天命十年（公元1625年）。先后经过三次大规模建设，形成了东中西三路格局。其中东路为老罕王努尔哈赤进沈阳以后修建；中路为努尔哈赤的儿子清太宗皇太极继位以后兴建；西路则为清朝中期乾隆皇帝东巡和为了安放《四库全书》而修建。全部建筑70余座，300余间，组成20多组院落。作为我国现存保存最完好的两座宫殿之一，与北京故宫遥相呼应，却又有着与北京故宫截然不同的建筑风格和格局样式。那么我们今天就来领略一下昔日皇宫的风采。
（故宫门前）我们现在所在的位置是故宫门前，东西各有一座牌坊。东边为文德坊，西边为武功坊。老沈阳人俗称为“东华门”和“西华门”。古时候大臣上朝之时从东华门入朝。先在东西朝房侯朝。我们眼前的这座挂有郭沫若题词《沈阳故宫》牌匾的建筑就是大清门，大家可能会问，这座像房子一样的建筑为什么叫做门，它与我们常见的门有很大的区别！门作为古代建筑中重要的组成部分，同样也是等级制度直观体现。如我们常听说的“柴门”，柴门是用柴木搭建的一个只有门框的门，这也是等级地位最低的门。再有单开门，**门。有钱有势人家的门要高出地面修建在台基上。我们眼前这座大清门是五间硬山顶的屋宇式的大门，中间三间为门，南北都设有台阶，两梢间有槛墙木窗，皇家的大门明显异于常人。大清门虽然只是出入宫殿的通道，但作为皇宫的门面装饰也力求华丽美观。除黄绿两色的琉璃瓦屋顶和檐下的雕梁画栋外，最引人注目的要算是墙体四角的琉璃“墀头”，每组都由上下相联的四部分组合而成，黄、蓝色调为主，间以红、白、绿等色，浮雕云龙飞凤，瑞兽奇花，鲜艳多彩，烧造精致，虽然不处于建筑的中心部位，却成为最亮丽斑斓的艺术杰作。这座门为什么叫做“大清门”哪？正统的说法是清朝的国号为“清”，宫殿的门又叫国门，所以叫“大清门”。还有个传说：这座宫门在建成以后并没有名称，只是叫做“大门”。后来崇德元年皇太极改国号为“大清”以后，听说明朝北京皇城的正门叫做“大明门”，为了针锋相对，克其锋芒，就把这座大门命名为“大清门”。古时上朝之时文武大臣按照文东武西排列站在大清门前两侧侯朝议事。在大清门的东侧有一座封闭的院落——太庙。所谓“太庙”即皇帝奉祀祖先的宗庙。清朝有太庙制度始于崇德元年皇太极改元称帝之时，前殿供奉太祖努尔哈赤和太后。叶赫纳拉氏(皇太极生母)神位，后殿则供奉努尔哈赤以上四代祖先，即猛哥帖木儿、福满、觉昌安、塔克世及其妻的神位。太庙建成后，每年逢清明、除夕等日，皇太极都要亲自前往焚香祭祀。顺治迁都北京后，先是把太祖朝的神位移往北京太庙，原来的盛京太庙因为只剩下四祖神位，改称为“四四祖庙”。清朝历代皇帝东巡祭祖陵的皇帝在进入沈阳故宫之前，都要先到庙中向自己祖先的玉宝玉册上香行礼。
（中路）我们走进大清门，在右侧有一个沈阳故宫的微缩，可以领略沈阳故宫的全貌。穿过大清门我们来到了沈阳故宫中路的头道院落。我们正面的建筑就是沈阳故宫的“金銮殿”——崇政殿。兴建之初名字叫做“正殿”。崇德元年定名为崇政殿。崇政殿为五间九檩硬山式建筑，殿顶铺黄琉璃瓦，镶绿剪边，正脊饰五彩琉璃龙纹及火焰珠。其中请各位游客注意的是殿顶的琉璃瓦，有去过北京故宫的朋友一定会清楚地记得北京故宫的琉璃瓦是黄色的，而沈阳的琉璃瓦是黄色镶绿剪边。这是沈阳故宫与北京故宫的重要差别之一。我们走上台基。在台基两侧分别有用于计时的日晷，和存放标准计量单位的嘉量亭。此外台基上四口盛满清水的大缸大家知道是做什么用的吗？当然不是皇帝养金鱼的鱼缸。这四口缸被称作是“吉祥缸”古代称它是“门海”，是古代皇宫中重要的防火设施。那又有朋友问了，冬天北方的天气很冷，水都会结冰。没关系，缸下可以点燃炭火既可以化冰，又可取暖。我们走上须弥座。头上牌匾用满文和汉文书写的“崇政殿”，请看左边的满文，我们有个形象的比喻“中间一根棍，两边都是刺，加上圈和点，就是满文字儿”。沈阳故宫的牌匾都是满文在左，汉文在右。而北京故宫的牌匾都是汉文在左，满文在右。这是沈阳故宫与北京故宫的差别之二。崇政殿内现在的陈设是乾隆东巡后按照北京故宫乾清宫的陈设摆放的。上面“正大光明”匾额为顺治皇帝御笔亲书。下面就是皇帝的宝座，据说宝座上绘制雕刻有8条金龙，算上坐在宝座上的真龙天子正好是中国古代最大的阳数九条龙。宝座后面是金质屏风。上面刻有康熙皇帝从古代经书中摘出的言十二句铭文圣训，作为自己和后世皇帝治理国家的座右铭镌刻在御座之旁的。陈设在龙椅前后的有鹤式烛台、熏炉、塔式香亭、甪端、“太平有象”等。从乾隆时起，皇帝还把一些相关的题咏诗章手迹制成匾联悬挂殿内。宝座前的“念兹戎功用肇造我区夏，慎乃俭德式勿替有历年”蓝地金字对联出自乾隆皇帝手迹，殿北门内上方还挂有嘉庆、，道光御题崇政殿诗金字木匾等等。当年清太宗皇太极继位后励精图治，1636年皇太极就是在这里发布诏书。将国号“金”改为“清”；改元“天聪”为“崇德”；改“女真族”为“满族”。那为什么要改国号和族名哪？国号有为什么叫做“清”哪？话说皇太极请遍能人高手，为国家和民族改名。这群能人高手里有个在深山出家的老和尚，法号无然。无然长老给他出主意：明朝的“明”字光辉灿烂，属于“火”，要想灭火，就得用水，族号叫“满”，国号叫“清”，这“满清”二字都带三点“水”，六水灭火，可得中原天下。皇太极信服极了，要改就彻底改，把自己这个罕王也改了，干脆和大明朝并列，也就叫皇帝吧！
在崇政殿前的东西两侧分别为“飞龙阁”和“翔凤阁”。“飞龙阁”和“翔凤阁”主要是为皇帝藏珍纳宝的。许多珍贵的文物都藏于此间。“飞龙阁”和“翔凤阁”后面分别是用于存瓷器的东七间楼和存放书籍墨刻的西七间楼。
我们离开崇政殿，穿过左翎门来到崇政殿的后院。在东西两侧的分别是“日华楼”、“师善斋”、“霞绮楼”、“协中斋”。后期主要用于皇子教育，也就是“皇家贵族学校”。在我们的正面有一约四米的高台，台中环绕有女儿墙，台上就是沈阳故宫的后宫部分。哪为什么后宫要建筑在一座高台上那？这就要从满足民俗说起。满族作为我国北方的一个少数民族。生存状况相对恶劣。经常受到虎狼这样的野兽的攻击。于是聪明的满族人将居住之所建住宅一个土台之上，地势较高可以有效的防范野兽的攻击。这就形成了沈阳故宫和北京故宫的差别之
三。北京故宫的前朝建筑在高大的须弥座上，后寝建筑在平地上。沈阳故宫正好与之相反。台上有一高楼。此楼名曰“凤凰楼”。原名“五凤楼”、“翔凤楼”。凤凰楼采用三滴水歇山式围廊，顶铺黄琉璃瓦，镶绿剪边。每层深广各三间，周围有回廊，下层的门洞是联络台上台下的通道。风凰楼既是后宫的大门。此楼为当时沈阳城最高建筑。沈阳古称“盛京”。“盛京八景”（天柱排青、辉山晴雪、浑河晚渡、塔湾夕照、柳塘避暑、凤楼晓日、皇寺鸣钟、万泉垂钓）之一的“凤楼晓日”的典故就出于此处。站在楼上可以最先看到东方朝气蓬勃的晓日。传说当年站在凤凰楼上可以看到抚顺城。凤凰楼是清宁宫的门户，也是皇帝策划军政大事、休息小憩和宴请之所。登上象征二十四节气的二十四级台阶。抬头可见乾隆皇帝御笔亲书“紫气东来”。“紫气东来”的典故出自汉朝刘向的《列仙传》老子过函谷关的故事，后世引用为“紫气东来”。乾隆用紫气东来比如大清王朝自东方兴起，向西入关定鼎中原。
穿过凤凰楼我们进入了一处院落，此处就是皇太极的后宫所在。这里为典型的满族四合院建筑。正面的是皇太极的中宫“清宁宫”。东西两侧分别排列着，东配宫：关雎宫和衍庆宫；西配宫：麟趾宫和永福宫。我们下面依次参观。从外面看清宁宫，我们就会发现满族的民居有一个明显的不同。汉族的民族门通常开在正中间，而我们眼前的满族民居的门却开在靠东的一侧。满族民居有句名谚“口袋房、万字炕、烟囱出在地面上”。满族早期多依山傍水而居，以方便和适应他们的生产生活习惯。满族农村房屋正房一般为三间或五间，坐北朝南便于采光，均在东端南边开门，形如口袋，俗称“口袋房”，便于聚暖。东西各有厢房，配以门房，这便构成通常所说的四合院。房屋多为起脊砖瓦房，俗称“海青房”。房柱皆插地，门向南开，高大宽敞。房内正对门一间谓堂屋，又称外屋，设厨灶锅台、水缸，灶通西内室火炕，火炕。从堂屋西墙开门为里屋，为南、北、西三面构成“万字坑”。满族尚右，西墙供祖宗牌位。西炕为窄炕，不住人，下通烟道。南北对面炕。上铺炕席。夜间长辈居于西屋南炕，北炕分居兄弟子媳。就寝时，头朝炕外，脚抵墙，对防寒和呼吸新鲜空气颇为适宜。墙壁多贴有纸画。为御北方寒冷，有的还建有火地。屋外西山墙头砌有烟囱，高出房檐数尺。烟囱根底有窝风窠，以挡逆风。我们进入清宁宫参观。住在清宁宫的女主人姓博尔济吉特氏，名哲哲。死后呗册封为孝端文皇后。哲哲，是蒙古科尔沁贝勒莽古思的女儿。十五岁时嫁给皇太极，生有三个女儿。由于哲哲娘家科尔沁部在蒙古各部落中归附后金最早，与之关系最紧密，所以皇太极改元称帝册封后妃时，便将地位显贵的哲哲立为中宫皇后，她是清代历史上第一位行大礼、正式册封的皇后。顺治七年哲哲故去，谥号为“孝端文皇后” ，同皇太极一起合葬在清昭陵(沈阳北陵)。请各位朝西面看。满族人以西方为大。所以西面供奉着神龛，此幅画像为关公。满族八旗以《三国演义》为兵书。故而非常崇拜关羽。满族人把关羽封为武神。在清朝以前我国的武神是岳飞。清朝人统一天下以后，因岳飞曾经和满族的先祖做过战。所以岳飞下了岗，关公成为新一任的武神。在神像的两侧分别挂有“万福之原”和“合撰延祺”。“万福之原”是乾隆御笔，意为万福来原于神的赐予。“合撰延祺”是嘉庆御笔，意为聚集天地之灵气，使幸福绵长。下面提一个小问题。有知道清宁宫中这俩口大锅的用途的吗？??我来解释一下：这两口锅是用来祭祀的。满族人信奉萨满教。萨满祭祀过程既庄重虔诚又有神秘色彩，主持祭祀的萨满巫师头上带着高高的神帽，身上系着腰铃，手中拿着单面鼓，在地中央边唱边跳。我们现代所说的“跳大神”就是从萨满巫师中演变过来的。主要的祭品是自家养的黑色雏公猪，人们将热酒灌进猪的耳朵，如果猪耳朵有晃动即表示神灵已经接收该祭品。如果不动，则表示神灵不满意，则本次祭祀活动不能在进行下去了。猪由于受到刺激就会摇头，称为“领牲”，满族人认为此时的猪已经通神，成为连接天地的媒介。然后将猪宰杀后煺洗干净，切成大块，放入北侧的两口大锅里清水煮熟，先放入木槽内供奉给神灵享用，然后再分给参加祭祀的人们，称为“吃福肉”，满族人相信吃了福肉，福气就会降临到每个人的身上。每年正月初一，满族的.祭祀活动最为盛大。初一早晨王公大臣都要到皇帝家来做客。皇帝会将煮好的福肉赏赐给他们吃（清水煮肉），吃的时候不蘸任何调料。那位能吃到最大的那一块，则他今年的福气会最好。其余剩下的部分会放到门内左侧的案板上。在杀猪的时候，猪内脏也是有用处的。将猪内脏取出，置于院中的神杆索伦干上，供奉满族的神鸟乌鸦。索伦杆上有锡斗，杆下放三块石，称为“神石”。杆后是一面用砖砌成的壁墙。乌鸦为什么能成为满族的神鸟哪？这就要从乌鸦救凡察的故事说起。满族的先祖有一次背仇家所害。全家只有一个叫凡察的小孩逃了出来，仇家要赶尽杀绝。凡察跑的精疲力竭之时卷曲在一棵棵树边。这时恰巧一群乌鸦落在树上和凡察的身上。仇家经过此地，认为乌鸦是不会在有活人的地方停留，凡察一定不会再这。就这样凡察得救了，凡察后来成为了满族的英雄，为族人报了仇。于是满族开始供奉乌鸦为神鸟，祭祀的时候用猪内脏来供养乌鸦。当有流浪的乞讨者经过时也可抓取索伦干上的东西吃。言归正传。清宁宫内东侧被隔开里面称之为“暖阁”。也就是皇帝皇太极和皇后哲哲的卧室。暖阁内部分为南北两间，两间都有火炕（龙床）。这种设计非常巧妙，完全适于北方气候温差较大的特点。在漫长寒冷的冬季，住在临窗的南炕，既明亮，又有充足的阳光照射，自然十分暖和；而在炎炎夏日，避暑移居到北炕，则很凉爽，是理想的居住之所。崇德八年（1643年）八月初九，皇太极端坐在南炕上“无疾而终”，卒年五十二岁，葬在昭陵（即沈阳北陵）。
按照中国人的传统习惯“左高右低”，在清宁宫左右两侧按照地位级别分别是：关雎宫、麟趾宫、衍庆宫、永福宫。我们下面逐一参观。关雎宫就是皇太极一生中最宠爱的宸妃——海兰珠，宸妃是蒙古科尔沁部贝勒宰桑之女，也是中宫皇后哲哲的亲侄女。海兰珠归嫁皇太极时已经26岁，崇德元年皇太极册封后妃时，海兰珠后来者居上，被封为东宫大福晋，并把其居住宫室命名为“关雎宫”。“关雎”一词源于《诗经》首篇“关关雎鸠，在河之洲。窈窕淑女，君子好逑”的诗句，这是一首千古爱情绝唱，把内涵这样丰富的名字赋予了海兰珠所住的宫室，足见皇太极对海兰珠的特殊感情。崇德二年七月宸妃生皇八子，皇太极非常高兴，并在大政殿颁诏大赦天下，皇太极这一不寻常的举动，足以证明对该皇子宠爱有加，可惜这位小皇子来到世上仅七个月，就不幸夭折了。宸妃无法承受这一痛苦的打击，每日郁郁寡欢，积郁成疾，崇德六年病逝。当时皇太极正在边外重镇锦州与明朝作战，闻讯后马不停蹄奔回盛京，可还是没有看到宸妃最后一眼，他悲不自胜，一路奔进关雎宫爱妃的灵柩前“悲涕不止”，并下令以国丧的规格从厚殡葬，同时下旨追封谥号为“敏惠恭和元妃”，使海兰珠成为有清一代获谥号字数最多的妃子。此后，皇太极一直生活在怀念宸妃而无法释怀的状态中，并结束了他四十余年的戎马生涯，再也没有重返战场，他常常睹物思人，每次外出围猎路过宸妃的墓地，皇太极都要凭吊一番，痛哭一场。 两年后皇太极病逝在清宁宫，享年52岁，皇太极的英年早逝与两年前宸妃的病逝有着密切的关系。在宸妃的居室，北炕挂着一个摇篮，是宸妃哺育皇子的地方，“养个孩子吊起来”与“窗户纸糊在外”，“大姑娘叼烟袋”并称为东北的三大怪。外间是宸妃会客、礼佛、用餐的地方。中间炕上的佛龛里供奉的是佛祖释迦牟尼。
麟趾宫又称西宫，是皇太极贵妃娜木钟的寝宫，“麟趾”二字出自《诗经》，意为子孙兴旺，乃人中龙凤。贵妃娜木钟是蒙古阿巴垓部郡王额齐格诺颜之女，嫁与蒙古察哈尔林丹汗为多罗大福晋，又称囊囊太后。原称霸于漠南蒙古的林丹汗，在众叛亲离后死于青海大草滩，娜木钟率1500户部众，归顺皇太极。皇太极出于政治的需要，将其纳为福晋，崇德元年，册封为麟趾宫贵妃。其子博穆博果尔曾在皇太极死后成为福临（后来的顺治皇帝）皇位的最大竞争者。后成为顺治朝重臣，死后谥号襄昭亲王。
衍庆宫又称为次东宫，是皇太极淑妃巴特玛喿的寝宫，衍庆是福庆长久之意。淑妃也来自阿巴垓部，为林丹汗窦土门福晋，林丹汗死后，与部众归顺皇太极，崇德元年册封为衍庆宫淑妃。其女，被皇太极嫁给多尔衮为妻，是多尔衮十位妻妾中六位蒙古族妻妾的之一。
我们最后来看看皇太极一后四妃中地位最低的永福宫。永福宫位居五宫之末也称次西宫，是皇太极后妃中名气最大的庄妃居住的宫室。庄妃本名布木布泰，是蒙古科尔沁贝勒宰桑之女，崇德元年皇太极册封后妃时，年龄最小的布木布泰被尊为次西宫侧福晋。如论及对清政权的巩固发展与影响，庄妃的作用远远超过了其她四位后妃，被后人评价为清朝历史上最有作为的后妃。庄妃是中宫皇后哲哲的亲侄女，东宫宸妃海兰珠的亲妹妹，三人同出于蒙古科尔沁部。努尔哈赤最初打天下的蒙古科尔沁部落是他最强劲的对手之一。多次征战互有胜负，努尔哈赤觉得继续打下去没有好处，于是决定联合蒙古科尔沁部。双方一拍即合。于是最原始，最有效的方法联姻被广泛的使用。当时还是皇子的皇太极和科尔沁部的哲哲成了亲。联姻最重要的就是要留下一个流淌着两个家族血液的男性后代。皇后哲哲没有完成这一使命。在老罕王努尔哈赤晚年，皇位争夺激烈，四大皇子代善、阿敏、莽古尔泰、皇太极都对皇位存有野心。但是皇太极的妻妾中始终用没有一个流淌有蒙古血液的儿子，这对他的政治地位很不利。他心急如焚。于是他跑到了科尔沁部想再找一个妻子，于是他选中了后来的庄妃布木布泰。年仅13岁的布木布泰嫁给皇太极，随后的日子里布木布泰给皇太极生下了三个女儿。但是也没有给皇太极生下一个儿子。皇太极继位以后和蒙古联姻的事始终缠绕在他的心头。他又一次来到科尔沁部娶了已经26岁的宸妃海兰珠。26岁在当时是一个比较大的年龄。有人说海兰珠此时是一位寡妇。不管怎样皇太极还是娶了海兰珠。海兰珠不负众望生下了一个儿子，可惜的是七个月后皇子夭折。皇太极十分心痛，正值此时庄妃布木布泰给皇太极生下了一个儿子，皇太极十分高兴，亲自起名福临，也就是后来的顺治皇帝。皇太极的一后四妃全部来自蒙古草原，都姓博尔济吉特氏。由此可见皇太极对联姻蒙古的重视程度。1643年皇太极在清宁宫突然驾崩，引起宫廷皇权的斗争，皇太极的长子肃亲王豪格（庶出）与皇太极十四弟睿亲王多尔衮，互争皇位相持不下。当时正当清军挺进中原，一统天下的关键时刻，庄妃在这紧要关头，审时度势，利用自己的地位和中宫皇后的支持，联合多尔衮推举福临继位，多尔衮做辅政王，从而避免了险些酿成的宫廷政变及清王朝的分裂。福临登基，庄妃从此成为皇太后，开始了富有传奇色彩的政治生涯。顺治十八年，顺治帝因出天花24岁在北京养心殿英年早逝。在庄妃的支持下，年仅八岁的皇三子玄烨继位，即康熙皇帝。庄妃又被尊为太皇太后。庄妃在清初政权的巩固和发展上，起到重要作用，例如在铲除权臣鳌拜的过程中，庄妃在幕后为年轻的康熙皇帝出谋划策。又如北方察哈尔部趁机叛乱，康熙帝在京师一时无兵可派，关键时刻，是庄妃向康熙推荐了大臣图海，统帅八旗健壮家奴组成的大军，很快就平定了叛乱的察哈尔，一解康熙的后顾之忧。身为一**，庄妃还以身作则，克己奉公地支持儿孙成就大业，康熙平定三番之乱时，庄妃先后拿出宫中银两、缎匹犒赏官兵。康熙二十六年，庄妃病逝，葬于河北遵化清东陵的昭西陵，享年75岁。成为清朝后宫中寿禄最长的女人（其次慈禧74岁）。关于庄妃的传闻轶事特别多，比如庄妃劝明总督洪承畴降清、庄妃下嫁多尔衮等等。有的是出自民间的传说，有的至今史学界还争论不休。其实无论庄妃下嫁与否，都不能抹杀她在清朝历史上的地位和作用，因此，庄妃称得上是中国历史上杰出的一代女性。
皇太极一生妻妾十五人。除一后四妃以外。分别居住在清宁宫的两侧的房舍内。我们来到清宁宫的后面。刚才我们说过了满族民居的特点。大家还记得吗？对：“口袋房、万字炕、烟囱出在地面上”。我们刚才看过了口袋房和万字炕，我们马上要看到的就是出在地面上的烟囱。在清宁宫后的这根烟囱是当年沈阳城内唯一的一根烟囱。寓意“一统江山”。大家数一下烟囱有多少层？??对一共有十一层，我告诉大家在十一层上面还有三块砖。那么这什么讲哪？问大家一个小问题：清朝有多少位皇帝，又有多少位是寿终正寝的？??对清朝一共有12为皇帝。其中11位寿终正寝。末代皇帝溥仪只做了三年的皇帝。正好和这十一层零三块砖“一统江山”吻合。
穿过后门，我们来到了故宫的 “后苑”，也叫“御花园”。内有碾房三间、磨房三间、仓房二十八间，凉亭一座等。二十八间仓建于康熙年间，归盛京内务府管辖，用作存放当地皇庄交纳的粮食，以备供给其所属人丁口粮和做牲畜饲料。二十八间房中，有六间是通道门(称“后宰门”)，其余二十二间每间各一丈五尺左右，可盛放粮食六百仓石(约合六十万斤)。碾房、磨房是为后宫皇帝及其后宫制作食物之用。
从历史记载中得知，乾隆年间以前，清宁宫院落中本没有通往后面的门，因乾隆初次东巡前拟定要在清宁宫重开萨满家祭，为便于给这项礼仪服务的人员出入宫区，盛京地方官员特奏清皇帝批准，在清宁宫后墙西侧新开一处“随墙门”通往北面台下，后来这座门便一直保留下来，至今犹存。由此人们可能会联想到一个问题，即清人关前除凤凰楼下层的正门外，是否还有其他进出台上宫区的通道？因为按照当时的等级制度，在宫内服务的“下人”属奴仆身份，是不应该与皇帝后妃一样从正门出入的。1987年，这个谜终于被解开。沈阳故宫在安设清了宫避雷针引线时，发现东山墙下距地表较浅处有砖石砌筑的遗迹，经继续向下挖掘，竟出现了一条上部砌成拱形的“地道”，从台上直通至台后的地面。经过分析认为，这就是台上宫区通往外部的另一个出入口，应是清太宗时期伺候皇帝后妃的人进出宫区之处，清入关初年，可能是出于安全方面的考虑将其堵塞填平，直到几百年后才被发现，如今这条通道已经过修整重新开放，使由此走过的游客对当年的宫廷生活又增添了几分遐想。
