初二下英语重点语法
下面是小编收集整理的初二下重点语法，欢迎阅读。
一般将来时态的应用
do/does 的一般将来时态形式：(shall/will) do
do/does 的一般将来时态的被动语态：(shall/will) be done
一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：
肯定句例句：People will have robots in a few years.
否定句例句：People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.
一般疑问句例句：Will people have robots in a few years?
特殊疑问句例句：What will people have in a few years?
过去将来时
一、过去将来时的结构
should/would+动词原形
do/does 的过去将来时态形式：(should/would) do
do/does的过去将来时态的被动语态：(should/would) be done
过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：
肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.
否定句例句：You shouldn't write a letter to him.
一般疑问句例句：Should I write a letter to him?
特殊疑问句例句：What should I do?
过去进行时
do/does 的过去进行时态形式：(was/were) doing
do/does 的过去进行时态的被动语态：(was/were) being done
过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：
肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.
否定句例句：I wasn't walking down the street when a UFO landed.
一般疑问句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?
特殊疑问句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?
动词 when 和 while 的选择：when 后加瞬间动词，while 后加延续性动词。
例句：The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.
=While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.
宾语从句
结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语从句(主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语/表语)
1、引导名词性从句的连接词
(1)that：没有含义，在宾语从句中不做成分
(2)whether/if：表示是否，宾语从句中不做成分。
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后，他是否还住在这里。
(3)连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)
连接副词：where, when, how, why(在宾语从句中做状语)
2、在做宾语从句的题目时应注意时态
(1)当主句是现在时态时，宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。
(2)当主句是过去时态时，宾语从句必须是一种过去的时态。
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。
(3)当表示客观事实或普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时，任何时候都用一般现在时。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说过地球绕着太阳转。
if 引导的条件状语从句
结构：主句 + if + 条件状语从句
if + 条件状语从句 + [(comma)] + 主句
注意：
在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般现在时态。
例句：You'll have a great time if you go to the party.
=If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.
现在完成进行时态
do/does 的现在完成进行时态形式：have/has been doing
do/does 的现在完成进行时态的被动语态：have/has been being done
现在完成进行时态所应用的场合：
①某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做
②过去发生的动作对现在造成影响
I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。
现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：
肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours.
否定句例句：I haven't been skating for five hours.
一般疑问句例句：Have you been skating for five hours?
特殊疑问句例句：How long have you been skating?
现在完成时
一、现在完成时的结构
主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他.(当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have.)
否定式:主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 + 其他.
疑问式: Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?
简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)
No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)
二、现在完成时用法、定义详细讲解
1、表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在，主要强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响。
He has lost his wallet.他的钱包丢了。
We’ve had too much rain this year.今年雨水太多。
2、表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并可能延续下去的动作。
He has worked here for over twenty years.他在这里工作已有20多年了。
3、表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。
I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京两次。
反意疑问句
反意疑问句由肯定陈述句加否定问句构成，或者由否定陈述句加肯定问句构成。
He's a student, isn't he?
She's not his mother, is she?
回答反意疑问句时，要根据事实来回答。若事实是肯定的，则必须用 yes 回答。若事实是否定的，则必须用 no 回答。
---You're not ready, are you?你还没有准备好，对吧?
---No, I'm not.是的，我没有准备好。
---Yes, I am.不，我准备好了。
拓展阅读：初二下重点句型
Unit 1 What's the matter?
1. What's the matter with you?
= What'the trouble with you?
= What's wrong with you?
你怎么了?
2. What should she do?
她该怎么办呢?
3.Should I take my temperature?
我应该量一下体温吗?
4.You should lie down and rest.
你应该躺下休息一会儿。
5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book?
你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢?
6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.
我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。
7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital.
她说这个人有心脏病应该去医院。
Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.
1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.
这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。
2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.
清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。
3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.
每周六上午，他都在一'家动物医院当志愿者。
4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。
5.You can see in their eyes that they're going on a different journey with each new book.
从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。
6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.
我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。
7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.
现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。
8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Luck.
在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。
1.Could you please clean your room?
你能整理一下你的房间吗?
2. I have to do some work.
我必须干些活。
3. Could I use your computer?
我可以用一下你的电脑吗?
4. She won't be happy if she sees this mess.
如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。
5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.
整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。
6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV .
我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。
7. I hate to do chores.
我不喜欢做杂务。
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
1. I studied until mid night last night so I did n't get enough sleep.
我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。
2. Why don't you forget about it?
你为什么不忘掉它呢?
3. Although she's wrong , it,s not a big deal.
虽然她错了,但这并不是什么大事儿。
4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he's sorry.
他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。
5. Maybe you could go to his house.
也许你可以去他家。
6. I guess I could, but I don't want to surprise him.
我想我可以.但我不想让他感到惊讶。
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
1. — What were you doing at eight last night?
昨晚8点你在干什么?
— I was taking a shower.
我在洗淋浴。
2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.
当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。
3. — What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?
琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么?
— While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.
琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.
1.So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?
你觉得愚公的故事怎么样?
2. It doesn't seem very possible to move a mountain.
把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。
3.This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.
这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。
4.Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.
有时候，他能够让他的金箍棒变得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。
5.Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.
这些(山)太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。
6.Don't eat it until you get to the forest.
你们到达森林之后才能吃。
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?
1.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.
当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。
2.One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.
其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。
3.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.
这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想。
4. How high is Qomolangma?
珠穆朗玛峰有多高?
5. Although Japan is older than Canada，it is much smaller.
虽然日本比加拿大有更悠久的历史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。
6.Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.
成年大熊猫一天要花1 2 个多小时的时间吃大约十千克竹子。
Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?
1.— Have you read little Women yet?
你读过《小妇人》吗?
— Yes,I have. /No,I haven't.
是的，我读过。/ 不，我没有。
2. — Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?
蒂娜读过《金银岛》这本书吗?
— Yes, she has. She thinks i t 's fantastic.
是的，她读过。她觉得它很棒。
3. Would you like something to drink?
你要来点喝的吗?
4. I heard you lost your key.
我听说你丢钥匙了。
5.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.
她开始意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。
Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?
1. Have you ever been to a science museum?
你曾经去过科学博物馆吗?
2.Let's go somewhere different today.
我们今天去过不同的地方吧。
3. It's unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way.
科技以如此速猛的方式发展真是令人难以置信啊!
4. Whether you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you,ll find it all in Singapore!
不管你喜欢印度食品，西方食品还是日本食品，在新加坡你都能找到!
5.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round.
新加坡一个很大的特征是它的气温几乎一年到头都是一样的。
6. It is best to visit Singapore.
最好游览新加坡
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
1. Have long have you had that bike over there?
那边的那辆自行车你买了多久了?
2. Amy has had her favorite book for three years .
艾米拥有她最喜欢的书3年了。
3. He has owned it since his fourth birthday.
自他四岁生日起，他拥有这个东西了。
4. Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year.
有些人依然住在家乡，然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两次。
5. As for me ,I did not want to give up my football shirts,but to be honest, I have not played for a while now.
至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衣，但是，说实在的，我现在已经有一段时间没有踢球了。
6. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?
你是否曾经想过要举办，一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西?
7. What would you do with the memory you raise?
你会怎样处理你所筹集到得钱?
