英语语法之动词不定式的形式(精彩3篇)
英语语法之动词不定式的形式 篇一
动词不定式是英语语法中的一种形式,它由“to”和动词原形构成。动词不定式可以作为名词、形容词或副词的补语,也可以用来表示目的、原因、结果等。
一、作为名词的补语
动词不定式可以作为名词的补语,用来表示动作或状态的概念。例如:
1. I want to learn English.(我想学英语。)
2. It is important to eat healthy.(健康饮食很重要。)
二、作为形容词的补语
动词不定式可以作为形容词的补语,用来修饰名词。例如:
1. I have a book to read.(我有一本要读的书。)
2. He has a lot of work to do.(他有很多工作要做。)
三、作为副词的补语
动词不定式可以作为副词的补语,用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。例如:
1. He went to the park to play basketball.(他去公园打篮球。)
2. She is too tired to study.(她太累了,无法学习。)
四、表示目的、原因、结果等
动词不定式还可以用来表示目的、原因、结果等。例如:
1. I study hard to pass the exam.(我努力学习为了通过考试。)
2. She cried so hard as to wake up the whole neighborhood.(她哭得很厉害,把整个街坊都吵醒了。)
总结:
动词不定式的形式多样,可以作为名词、形容词或副词的补语,也可以用来表示目的、原因、结果等。掌握好动词不定式的用法,可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语语法。
英语语法之动词不定式的形式 篇二
动词不定式是英语语法中的一种形式,它由“to”和动词原形构成。动词不定式有时态、语态和进行式等形式变化。
一、时态形式
动词不定式的时态形式有两种:一种是一般式(Simple Infinitive),表示动作或状态在主语之前发生或存在;另一种是完成式(Perfect Infinitive),表示动作或状态在主语之前完成或存在。例如:
1. I want to go to the park.(我想去公园。)(一般式)
2. She is happy to have finished her homework.(她很高兴已经完成了作业。)(完成式)
二、语态形式
动词不定式的语态形式有两种:一种是被动式(Passive Infinitive),表示动作或状态在主语之前被动;另一种是进行式(Continuous Infinitive),表示动作或状态在主语之前进行。例如:
1. He wants to be invited to the party.(他希望被邀请去参加派对。)(被动式)
2. She seems to be studying all day.(她似乎整天都在学习。)(进行式)
三、进行式形式
动词不定式的进行式形式有两种:一种是一般进行式(Simple Continuous Infinitive),表示动作或状态正在进行;另一种是完成进行式(Perfect Continuous Infinitive),表示动作或状态正在进行并且已经完成。例如:
1. He seems to be studying for the whole day.(他似乎整天都在学习。)(一般进行式)
2. She appears to have been studying for hours.(她似乎已经学习了几个小时。)(完成进行式)
总结:
动词不定式的形式变化包括时态、语态和进行式。掌握好动词不定式的形式变化,可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思,丰富语言表达。
英语语法之动词不定式的形式 篇三
英语语法之动词不定式的形式
1.作主语。 如:
To learn English is very important.
但实际上不定式作主语常用 it来作形式主语,而将不定式移至谓语动词后作真正的主语。
如上句可表达为:
It's very important to learn English.
2.作表语。 如:
My idea is to ring him up at once.
3.作宾语。 如:
I have decided to go to Binjiang Primary School.
4.作宾语补足语。
a. ask, want, teach, tell, know, would like, allow等动词后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如: The policemen asked him to get off the bus.
b. hear, see, look at, feel, watch, notice, listen to等动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如: We often see Miss Li clean the classroom.
c. let, make, have这些使役动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中这些不带to的'都须带上to。
如: In those days the bosses often made the workers work day and night.
d.动词help接动词不定式作宾语补足语,可带to也可不带to。
如: Can you help me (to) carry the heavy bag?
5.作定语。
a.与被修饰词有动宾关系。如:I have something important to tell you.但如果不定式动词为不及物动词,后面的介词千万不要省略。
如: Maybe they have three rooms to live in.
b.与被修饰词有主谓关系。
如: Mr Liang is always the first to come and the last to leave.
c.与被修饰之间只有修饰关系。
如: I have no time to play cards.
6.作状语,表示目的、原因、方法、方向、结果等。
如: I'll go to meet my friend at the railway station.
7.不定式复合结构"for sb. to do sth" 作主语时,常用"It is +adj+ for
of sb. to do sth"的句式。形容词good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, ice, clever,
right, wrong, careful等用"It is +adj +of sb. to do sth."
其他形容词用 for。
如:
It's dangerous for you to ride so fast.
It's very kind of you to help me.
8.动词不定式与疑问句who, what, which, when, how, where, whether等连用。
如: I don't know when to start.
He didn't tell me
where to go.但上面结构相当于一个从句,故上述句子也可表达为:
I don't know when we'll start.
He didn't tell me where he would go.
注意:
a.有些动词或动词短语不能带不定式,只能接动词的-ing形式。
如: enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss(错过),be busy, go on, keep on, be worth, practise等。
如: The peasants are busy picking apples.
Would you mind my opening the door?
b.有些动词后可接不定式,也可接动词的-ing形式,但意思不同。
如: Lu Jian forgot to post the letter.(该寄但还没做)
Lu Jian forgot posting the letter.(已经寄过信了)
They stopped to sing a song.(停止在做的工作而去做另一件工作)
They stopped singing.(停止正在做的工作)