英语中考语法【优选3篇】

英语中考语法 篇一

Subject-Verb Agreement in English Grammar

Subject-verb agreement is an important aspect of English grammar that students need to understand and apply correctly. It refers to the agreement in number and person between the subject and the verb in a sentence. In simple terms, it means that a singular subject should be paired with a singular verb and a plural subject should be paired with a plural verb. Let's explore some key rules and examples to help you master subject-verb agreement.

1. Singular subjects take singular verbs:

- The cat sleeps on the mat.

- My friend plays the guitar.

2. Plural subjects take plural verbs:

- The cats sleep on the mats.

- My friends play the guitar.

3. Indefinite pronouns such as everyone, somebody, nobody, etc., take singular verbs:

- Everyone wants to be successful.

- Somebody left their bag in the classroom.

4. Collective nouns can take either a singular or plural verb, depending on the context:

- The team is playing well. (Singular verb)

- The team are arguing among themselves. (Plural verb)

5. In sentences starting with "there" or "here," the subject follows the verb. The verb agrees with the actual subject following it:

- There is a book on the table.

- Here are the books you requested.

6. When the subject is separated from the verb by a phrase or clause, the verb agrees with the subject, not the words in between:

- The girl, along with her friends, is going to the movies.

- The dogs, as well as the cat, are playing in the garden.

7. Titles of books, movies, or other works that are singular take singular verbs, even though they may refer to a group or collection:

- "The Lord of the Rings" is a popular book.

- "The Chronicles of Narnia" is a series of fantasy novels.

Understanding and applying subject-verb agreement rules correctly is essential for effective communication in English. By practicing and paying attention to these rules, you can improve your grammar skills and avoid common errors in writing and speaking.

英语中考语法 篇二

Punctuation Marks in English Grammar

Punctuation marks play a crucial role in English grammar as they help to clarify meaning and structure in written texts. Correct usage of punctuation marks enhances communication by indicating pauses, emphasis, and relationships between words and phrases. Let's explore some common punctuation marks and their usage in English.

1. Full Stop (Period)

- Used to end a declarative sentence or an imperative sentence that is not a command or request.

Example: She is going to the store. Please close the door.

2. Comma

- Used to separate items in a list, clauses in a compound sentence, or to indicate a pause.

Example: I need to buy eggs, milk, and bread. She studied hard, so she passed the exam.

3. Question Mark

- Used at the end of an interrogative sentence.

Example: Are you going to the party?

4. Exclamation Mark

- Used to express strong emotion or surprise.

Example: What a beautiful sunset!

5. Quotation Marks

- Used to enclose direct speech or a quotation.

Example: She said, "I love chocolate."

6. Colon

- Used before a list or an explanation.

Example: I have three favorite colors: blue, green, and purple.

7. Semicolon

- Used to separate two closely related independent clauses.

Example: She studied all night; she wanted to pass the test.

8. Apostrophe

- Used to indicate possession or to form contractions.

Example: Sarah's book (possession). It's raining (contraction of "it is").

9. Hyphen

- Used to join words together or to separate syllables.

Example: Well-known, twenty-one.

10. Ellipsis

- Used to indicate the omission of words or a pause.

Example: I love ice cream...especially chocolate.

Understanding and using punctuation marks correctly is essential for clear and effective writing. By mastering the usage of these punctuation marks, you can improve the overall clarity and coherence of your written English. Practice using them in your writing to enhance your language skills and make your texts more engaging and professional.

英语中考语法 篇三

英语中考语法(二)冠词专题复习

(第六周复习内容)

　　冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词:the（the Definite Article），另一种是不定冠词:a, an（the Indefinite Article），还有一种是零冠词:不用冠词的情况（Zero Article）。

　　1、不定冠词的用法

　　不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。

　　注意：

　　（1）英语中有五个元音字母A、E、I、O、U.但有时"U"不读元音。EG：a

　　 useful book.a European city.

　　an unfair thing . an unform /umbrella(总接7、8、9年级单词表中/考纲中以U开始的形容词和名词，那些读元音。)

　　（2）特殊词组和单词，以辅音字母开始，却读元音：EG ：half an hour , an honest boy（05已考）.

　　 1) 不定冠词a表示“一”这一概念时，意思与one相似

　　There's a pen on the desk. 桌子上有一枝钢笔。

　　但是，除表示“一”这一数量外，很多情况下 a 与可数名词一起表示一类事物或者泛指概念。

　　I need a pencil now. 我现在需要（一）枝铅笔。（不确指哪枝铅笔）

　　We can't say a boy is cleverer than a girl. 我们不能说男孩比女孩聪明。（表示类别）

　　2 )不定冠词在表示“一”的概念时，是非强调性的。如果强调“一”这一数量，常常用one

　　National Day is a two-day holiday. 国庆节是（一）个两天的假日。

　　We have only one day left to finish the task. 我们只剩下一天时间来完成这个任务。

　　3 )不定冠词用在表示数量、时间等名词前，表示“每一（单位）…的价格、速度、顺序等”

　　The apples are two yuan a kilogram. 这些苹果每公斤两元钱。

　　Tom drives a car at 60 miles an hour. 汤姆以每小时60英里的速度开车。

　　I go back home once a month. 我每月回家一次。

　　4 )不定冠词用于单数可数名词前，泛指人的职业、国籍、宗教等

　　He is a Christian. 他是基督徒。

　　My friend, Asaku, is a Japanese. 我的朋友Asaku是日本人。

　　He was a teacher in the past. But he is a businessman now. 过去他是教师，但现在他是生意人。

　　He was made a dean. 他被任命为主任。

　　5 )不定冠词用在人名或表示人的名词前，表示不确定性，即说话人不清楚或没有指明所提到的人到底是谁

　　A Smith called you just now. 刚才一个叫史密斯的人给你找电话。

　　A comrade is waiting for you outside. 一个同志在外面等你。

　　6 )不定冠词用于be of a (an)+noun结构中，表示“相同…的”

　　Tom and his sister are of a height. 汤姆和他的妹妹身高相同。

　　These sweaters are of a size. 这些毛衣大小相同。

　　7 )不定冠词用于固定结构quite/half/rather/many/what/such a (an)+noun或so/too/how+adjective+a(an)+noun中，表示程度、数量或感叹等

　　It takes half an hour to get there. 到那里需要半小时。

　　He's quite a famous artist. 他是个很有名的艺术家。

　　Many a man would welcome such an opportunity. 许多人会很高兴有这样一个机会。

　　What a fool he is! 他多傻啊！

　　It's too difficult a problem for him. 对他来说，这是一个太难的问题。

　　8 )不定冠词用于某些习惯用语或谚语中

　　in a word 总而言之 take a walk 散步 at a time 一次

　　注：当一篇文章中第一次提到某一事物时，在名词前面要加不定冠词，以后再次提到同一事物时用定冠词。

　　…He saw a man standing there. The man was the person that he was looking for.…

　　…他看到一个人站在那里。那个人就是他正找的人。…

　　9)词组或成语。

　　　　 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great deal of/ / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden/ a number of/ a pair/ piece of.

　　2 定冠词的用法

　　 定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有"那（这）个"的`意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。

　　　1）特指双方都明白的人或物：

　　　　 Take the medicine.　把药吃了。

　　　2）上文提到过的人或事：

　　　　 He bought a house.　I've been to the house.

　　　　 他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。

　　　3）指世上独一物二的事物：

　　　 the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth

　　　4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar 美元;

　　the fox 狐狸；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人; the living 生者。

　　　5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only， very， same等前面：

　　　　 Where do you live?　I live on the second floor.　你住在哪？我住在二层。

　　　　 That's the very thing I've been looking for.　那正是我要找的东西。

　　　6）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：

　　　 They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)

　　　 They are teachers of this school.　 (指部分教师)

　　　7）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前：

　　　　She caught me by the arm..　她抓住了我的手臂。

　　　8）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：

　　　 the People's Republic of China　 中华人民共和国

　　　 the United States　 美国

　　　9）用在表示乐器的名词之前：　 She plays the piano.　她会弹钢琴。

　　　10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：

　　　　　 the Greens　 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)

　　　11) 用在惯用语中：

　　　　　the number of数目 .the more/形容词比较级 ... the better/形容词比较级....越... 越...,in the day, in the morning(afternoon.evening),　the day after tomorrow　

　　the day before yesterday,　the next morning,　in the sky (water，field，country)　in the dark,　in the rain,　in the distance,　in the way.in the middle (of),　in the end,on the whole,　by the way,　go to the theatre/cinema/film.in the way.

　　

　　3. 零冠词的用法

　　

　　　1) 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England，Mary；

　　　2）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词；

　　　　They are teachers. 他们是教师。

　　　3）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；

　　　　Failure is the mother of success.　失败乃成功之母。

　　　4）物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词；

　　　　Man cannot live without water.　人离开水就无法生存。

　　　5）在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；

　　　 We go to school from Monday to Friday.　我们从星期一到星期五都上课。

　　　6）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词；

　　　 The guards took the American to General Lee.

　　　 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。

　　　7）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词 如：have breakfast，play chess

　　　8）当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词；

　　　　I can't write without pen or pencil.　　没有钢笔和铅笔，我就写不了字。

　　　9）当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；by bus，by train；

　　　10）有些个体名词不用冠词；如：

　　　 school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court 等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义；

　　　　　 go to hospital　　去医院看病

　　　　　 go to the hospital　 去医院 (并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)

　　　11)不用冠词的序数词；

　　　a. 序数词前有物主代词

　　　b. 序数词作副词　 He came first in the race.

　　　c. 在固定词组中　 at (the) first,first of all,　　from first to last

　　注意:当有定语限制(形容词性的物主代词,所有格,定语从句等),修饰时,本该用THE的却不用,本该不用THE的却用.EG:

　　 his fifteenth birthday , in the winter of 2006

　　4 冠词与形容词+名词结构

　　 　1) 两个形容词都有冠词，表示两个不同东西。

　　　　 He raises a black and a white cat.　他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。

　　　 The black and the white cats are hers.　这只黑猫和白猫都是他的。

　　　2) 如后一个形容词无冠词，则指一物。

　　　　 He raises a black and white cat.　 他养了一只花猫。

　　　　 5 冠词位置

　　 1) 不定冠词位置

　　　不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意：　

　　　a. 位于下列形容词之后：