初中英语基本知识点总结(精简6篇)

初中英语基本知识点总结 篇一

In this article, I will summarize some basic knowledge points in middle school English.

1. Parts of Speech

There are eight parts of speech in English: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection. Each part of speech plays a specific role in a sentence.

2. Sentence Structure

A basic English sentence follows the structure Subject-Verb-Object (SVO). For example, "I (subject) love (verb) English (object)." Understanding sentence structure is essential for constructing grammatically correct sentences.

3. Tenses

English has 12 basic tenses, including present simple, present continuous, present perfect, past simple, past continuous, past perfect, future simple, future continuous, future perfect, present perfect continuous, past perfect continuous, and future perfect continuous. Each tense indicates the time of an action or event.

4. Modal Verbs

Modal verbs, such as can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, have to, and ought to, are used to express ability, possibility, necessity, obligation, permission, and more. Understanding how to use modal verbs correctly is crucial for conveying meaning accurately.

5. Articles

English has two articles: "a" (indefinite article) and "the" (definite article). Articles are used before nouns to indicate whether the noun is specific or nonspecific.

6. Subject-Verb Agreement

In English, the subject and verb in a sentence must agree in number. For example, "She works" (singular subject) and "They work" (plural subject). Understanding subject-verb agreement helps maintain sentence coherence.

7. Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal verbs are verb phrases consisting of a verb and one or more particles (prepositions or adverbs). For example, "turn off," "look forward to," and "give up." Learning phrasal verbs is essential for understanding informal English and everyday language usage.

8. Direct and Indirect Speech

Direct speech involves quoting the exact words spoken, while indirect speech reports what someone said without quoting it directly. Understanding how to change direct speech to indirect speech is important for accurately conveying information.

By mastering these basic knowledge points in middle school English, students can improve their language skills and communicate effectively in both spoken and written English.

初中英语基本知识点总结 篇二

In this article, I will continue to summarize some basic knowledge points in middle school English.

9. Vocabulary

Expanding vocabulary is crucial for improving English proficiency. Learning new words, understanding their meanings, and using them in context can enhance language skills and communication abilities.

10. Punctuation

Punctuation marks, such as periods, commas, question marks, exclamation points, colons, and semicolons, are essential for clarifying meaning and organizing written text. Understanding how to use punctuation correctly can improve writing clarity and coherence.

11. Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

Comparative adjectives are used to compare two things, while superlative adjectives are used to compare three or more things. For example, "bigger" (comparative) and "biggest" (superlative). Knowing how to form and use comparative and superlative adjectives accurately is important for expressing comparisons.

12. Prepositions of Time and Place

Prepositions, such as in, on, at, by, for, and from, are used to indicate time and place relationships in English. Understanding how to use prepositions correctly can help convey precise information about when and where events occur.

13. Conjunctions

Conjunctions are words that connect words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence. Common conjunctions include and, but, or, so, yet, and because. Knowing how to use conjunctions effectively can improve sentence structure and coherence.

14. Active and Passive Voice

In active voice, the subject performs the action, while in passive voice, the subject receives the action. Understanding how to change sentences from active to passive voice (and vice versa) is important for varying sentence structures and emphasizing different parts of a sentence.

15. Idioms and Expressions

Idioms are phrases whose meanings cannot be understood from the individual words. Learning common idioms and expressions in English can help students sound more natural and fluent in their language use.

By mastering these additional basic knowledge points in middle school English, students can enhance their language skills, improve their communication abilities, and become more confident in using English in various contexts.

初中英语基本知识点总结 篇三

　　宾语从句

　　1.宾语从句的含义

　　在主句中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。

　　如：She knew that the teacher had seen the film.她知道这位老师看过这部电影。

　　“that the teacher had seen the film”做knew的宾语，同时又是由连接词that引导的从句，所以它叫做宾语从句。

　　2.宾语从句的分类

　　(1)动词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于动词后面的`宾语从句。

　　如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。

　　(2)介词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。

　　如：I agree with what you said just now.我同意你刚才说的话。

　　(3)形容词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。

　　如：I am afraid that I will be late.恐怕我要迟到了。

　　3.引导名词性从句的连接词

　　(1)that：没有含义，在宾语从句中不做成分

　　(2)whether/if：表示是否，在宾语从句中不做成分。

　　I don t know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多年后，他是否还住在这里。

　　(3)连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)

　　连接副词：where, when, how, why(在宾语从句中做状语)

　　The small children don t know what is in their stockings.(what在宾语从句中做主语)这些小孩子不知道什么在他们的长筒袜里。

　　Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?(why在宾语从句中做原因状语)你能告诉我为什么你今天早上开会迟到吗?

　　4.在做宾语从句的题目时应注意两点

　　(1)时态：

　　①当主句是现在时态时，宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。

　　I don t know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。

　　He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。

　　②当主句是过去时态时，宾语从句必须是一种过去的时态。

　　She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。

　　He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。

　　③当表示客观事实或普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时，任何时候都用一般现在时。

　　The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说过地球绕着太阳转。

　　(2)语序：任何从句都使用陈述句语序，宾语从句当然也不例外。

初中英语基本知识点总结 篇四

　　简单句的五种基本句型

　　1.“主语+谓语”(即“主谓”句型)

　　例：They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析：“they”(主语)“arrived”(谓语)。

　　2.“主语+谓语+宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)

　　例：I study English.分析：“I”(主语)“study”(谓语动作)“English”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。

　　3.“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)

　　例：Our teacher taught us English.分析：“our teacher”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“us”(间接宾语)“English”(直接宾语)。

　　4.“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾宾补”句型)

　　例：He asked her to go there.分析：“he”(主语)“asked”(谓语动作)“her”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“to go there”(补语—补充说明宾语做什么)。

　　5.“主语+系动词+表语”(即“主系表”句型)

　　常用的系动词有be, keep，lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste,等。

　　例：I am a teacher.分析：“I”(主语)“am”(系动词)“a teacher”(表语—即表明主语的身份)。

初中英语基本知识点总结 篇五

　　形容词和副词比较级的用法

　　(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。

　　Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。

　　This room is three times bigger than that>这个房间比那个大三倍。

　　(2)“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。

　　I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。

　　He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。

初中英语基本知识点总结 篇六

　　句子成分

　　1.主语：句子所陈述的对象。

　　2.谓语：主语发出的动作。一般是有动作意义的动词。

　　3.宾语：分为动词宾语和介词宾语，属于动作的承受者。

　　4.系动词：表示状态或状态变化的动词，没有实际的动作意义。如be,感官系动词(look, sound, smell, taste和feel)、保持类系动词(keep, stay和remain)、状态变化类系动词(become、get、turn和go)等。

　　5.表语：紧跟系动词后面的成分。

　　6.定语：修饰名词或代词的成分。

　　7.状语：修饰形容词、副词、动词或句子的成分。

　　8.补语：分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。是对宾语和主语的补充说明，与其有主动或被动的逻辑关系。

　　例如：You should keep the room clean and tidy.你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。(You是主语，should keep是谓语，the room是宾语，clean and tidy是宾语补足语。)

　　This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。(This kind of food是主语，tastes是系动词，delicious是表语。)

　　★注意：主语、谓语、宾语、系动词、表语、补语是一个句子的主干成分;定语和状语是一个句子的修饰性成分，不是主干成分。